Komposisi:

Allopurinol 100 mg dan 300 mg

Bentuk sediaan:

Tablet

Farmakologi:

Menghambat enzim xanthine oxidase sehingga menghambat pembentukan asam urat

Indikasi:

Hiperurisemia primer: gout Hiperurisemia sekunder: mencegah pengendapan asam urat dan kalsium oksalat. Produksi berlebihan asam urat antara lain pada keganasan, polisitemia vera, terapi sitostatik

Kontraindikasi:

Hipersensitif terhadap allopurinol

Dosis:

Dosis awal 100 -300 mg/hari. Kondisi sedang: 300 - 600 mg/hari Kondisi berat: 700 - 900 mg/hari Dosis tunggal maksimum 300 mg

Peringatan dan Perhatian:

Hati-hati pada pasien dengan gangguan fungsi ginjal

Efek Samping:

Reaksi hipersensitivitas, gangguan saluran cerna, sakit kepala

ALODAN

Composition:

Allopurinol 100 mg and 300 mg.

Presentation:

Box of 5 strips x 10 tablets.

Pharmacology:

Allopurinol and its metabolite oxypurinol (alloxanthine) can reduce uric acid production by inhibiting xanthine oxidase, an enzyme that can convert hypoxanthine to xanthine and convert xanthine to uric acid. By reducing the concentration of uric acid in the blood and urine, allopurinol prevents or decreases urate deposits so as to prevent the occurrence of gout arthritis and urate nephropathy.

Indications:

- Primary hyperuricemia: gout. - Secondary hyperuricemia: prevents deposition of uric acid and calcium oxalate. Excessive production of gout includes malignancy, polycythemia vera, cytostatic therapy.

Contraindications:

- Hypersensitivity to allopurinol. - Acute attack of gout.

Dosage:

* Adults: - Initial dose: 100 - 300 mg per day. - Maintenance dose: 200 - 600 mg per day. - Single dose maximum 300 mg. If needed, a higher dose can be given, a maximum of 900 mg per day. The dosage must be adjusted by monitoring uric acid levels in the serum / urine with the right time interval until the desired effect is achieved, namely for ± 1-3 weeks, or: - For mild conditions: 2 - 10 mg/kgBW daily or 100-200 mg per day. - Moderate conditions: 300 - 600 mg per day. - Severe conditions: 700 - 900 mg per day. * Children: 10-20 mg/kgBW a day or 100-400 mg per day. Use in children, especially in malignant conditions, especially leukemia and certain enzyme abnormalities, such as Lesch syndrome - Nyhan. * Patients with kidney function disorders: The amount and interval of administration need to be reduced according to the results of monitoring uric acid levels in serum. For adult patients the following dosages apply: - Creatinine clearance: 2 - 10 mL/minute Dosage: 100 mg daily or at longer intervals. - Creatinine clearance: 10-20 mL/minute Dosage: 100 - 200 mg daily. - Creatinine clearance:> 20 mL/minute Dosage: normal dose. The recommended dosage for dialysis sufferers: allopurinol and its metabolites are excreted with kidney dialysis. If dialysis needs to be done more frequently, you can consider giving an alternative dose of allopurinol 300 - 400 mg immediately after dialysis without administration again between time intervals.

Warning and Precautions:

- The effect of allopurinol can be reduced by the salicylate and uricosuric groups, such as probenecid. - Stop use if symptoms of redness occur on the skin or allergic symptoms occur. - Avoid use in patients with kidney function disorders or patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia. - In patients with liver function damage, it is recommended to carry out regular liver function tests during the treatment stage. - Benefits and risks of using allopurinol in pregnant and lactating women should be considered against the fetus, baby or mother. - Allopurinol can cause drowsiness. Should be used with caution in patients who have to work with full concentration including driving and running the engine. - Allopurinol should be taken after meals to reduce stomach irritation. - It is recommended to increase fluid administration during the use of allopurinol to avoid kidney stones. - If itching, anorexia, and weight loss occur, liver function checks must be done.

Adverse events:

- Symptoms of hypersensitivity such as exfoliative, fever, lymphadenopathy, arthralgia, eosinophilia. - Skin reactions: pruritus, maculopapular. - Gastrointestinal disorders: nausea, diarrhea. - Headache, vertigo, drowsiness, eye disorders and taste. - Blood disorders: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia.

Drugs Interaction:

- Allopurinol can increase cyclophosphamide and other cytotoxic toxicity. - Allopurinol can inhibit drug metabolism in the liver, such as warfarin. - Allopurinol can increase the effects of azathioprine and mercaptopurine, so the daily dose of these drugs must be reduced before treatment with allopurinol. - Allopurinol can prolong the half-life of chlorpropamide and increase the risk of hypoglycemia, especially in patients with impaired renal function. - The effect of allopurinol can be reduced by the salicylate and uricosuric groups, such as probenecid.